London’s risk from rising temperatures

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Discussion | Coping with hot weather in London

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The summer of 2022 saw temperatures above 40°C, the highest ever recorded in England. Climate change could bring hotter, drier summers in London, with longer, more intense heatwaves.

City Hall’s Climate Adaptation team wants to hear your experience to help inform London’s first Heat Risk Delivery Plan. 

Join the conversation 

 Thinking back to the heatwave of 2022: 

  • How did you cope with the heat in London?  
  • What helped you stay cool at home or while you were out and about? 
  • What made it better, and what made it worse?  

Thinking of this summer:  

  • What, if anything, are you doing differently to cope with the heat in London? 
  • What, if anything, does London need to help you cope with the heat? 

Please share as much detail as you can. Eleanor and Annette from City Hall’s Climate Adaptation team will be reading your comments and joining in.  

About the action plan

The London Heat Risk Delivery Plan will set out the roles and responsibilities our city needs to manage heat risk. The recommendation for this action plan came out of last year’s London Climate Resilience Review.  

Between March and September 2025, Londoners and stakeholders are invited to help inform the action plan. Read more on our background page.

 

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Comments (258)

Avatar for - Sea turtle

The biggest challenge for me is how hot my workplace is. There are no windows, no air circulation, no air conditioning so temperature inside is usually 3 to 4 degrees higher than outside. We have complained for the past 5 years to the...

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The biggest challenge for me is how hot my workplace is. There are no windows, no air circulation, no air conditioning so temperature inside is usually 3 to 4 degrees higher than outside. We have complained for the past 5 years to the manager and the owner, but no action has been taken. One of the biggest things that the government and mayor need to do is issue a public guidance and doctrine around what is acceptable and what is not and a route to challenge work practises to external parties. The Hearth & safety act simply does not cover the problem. We can take unpaid or sick leave, but we only get paid the statutory minimum wages. 

In addition the tfl needs to improve significantly - particularly the central, jubilee, bakerloo, victoria and piccadilly lines which always have delays and are extremely hot!

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Avatar for - Colombian spotted frog

I noticed a big difference in temperature between my back garden (which has a lawn and shrubs and small trees) and the street in the front of my house (which is stone/tarmac/paving).  Households should not be allowed to concrete over more...

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I noticed a big difference in temperature between my back garden (which has a lawn and shrubs and small trees) and the street in the front of my house (which is stone/tarmac/paving).  Households should not be allowed to concrete over more than 25% their front or rear gardens (except in exceptional circumstances, where there is a good reason for doing so).  We need more green spaces, with large trees (in my local park, Finsbury Park, the shade created by the lovely London Plane trees makes such a difference in the heat, and it's great to be able to go and sit under the trees to escape the heat).  Also, parks should be accessible to the public as parks, not music venues (this is especially important for people who don't have gardens).  The large commercial events which now take place in several parks around London during the summer deprive local people of a much valued green space.  Our Parks should be protected as green havens, which everyone can relax in and benefit from the cooling effect of trees and greenery.

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I totally agree about parks not being used as music venues. I live near Victoria Park and really dislike it during the summer when a large part of it gets blocked off for festival use every summer. 

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I totally agree about parks not being used as music venues. I live near Victoria Park and really dislike it during the summer when a large part of it gets blocked off for festival use every summer. 

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Avatar for - Staghorn coral

Green spaces are slowly being eroded. In my area they are considered fair game for 5G masts, and in Orpington the council plans to build an archive storage and it's an Historic Park!! Just when developers want to cram in 100s of small...

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Green spaces are slowly being eroded. In my area they are considered fair game for 5G masts, and in Orpington the council plans to build an archive storage and it's an Historic Park!! Just when developers want to cram in 100s of small cramped residential units with no personal space/gardens.  

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My biggest bugbear is how hot all the buses are.  There are very few even of the newer buses that actually have functioning air conditioning and most seem just to blow out hot air and have windows that do not open.  They are unbearable. (...

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My biggest bugbear is how hot all the buses are.  There are very few even of the newer buses that actually have functioning air conditioning and most seem just to blow out hot air and have windows that do not open.  They are unbearable. ( And are freezing in Winter.)  Some newer buses do not have a window at the back now, so you cannot see if a bus is arriving behind you. Really annoying as I so often have to bus hop because buses are so infrequent or we have to keep getting off due to driver change over of cessation of the bus due to not enough on the route.  I don't know how the drivers cope.   Some of the tube trains are cooler such as Circle line and Jubilee but most are baking hot.

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Avatar for - Vaquita

The " Boris" buses are unusable when the temperature is high. The air con has never worked and the windows are totally inadequate. 

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The " Boris" buses are unusable when the temperature is high. The air con has never worked and the windows are totally inadequate. 

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Avatar for -

Air cconditioning must be aavailable aand on, in all London Ttransport, bus, tube aand trains. Must keep drivers of all transport safe and cool too. My preference is to sTaylor iindoors when ttemperature is overy 25°C

Avatar for - Colombian spotted frog

There are a huge number of unused ugly decaying buildings across the City, can you imagine if after a certain number of years, it was made law that these buildings were removed and turned into green spaces? 

If the City was really serious...

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There are a huge number of unused ugly decaying buildings across the City, can you imagine if after a certain number of years, it was made law that these buildings were removed and turned into green spaces? 

If the City was really serious about greening it would cease building more office blocks and create green spaces instead. There are plenty of empty office spaces so why keep building more? Property developers don’t make money from trees of course and only pay lip service to greening in order to get their plans agreed. 

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Avatar for -

Totally agree. Having lots of street trees makes a big difference when out and about in the heat. 

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Totally agree. Having lots of street trees makes a big difference when out and about in the heat. 

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Avatar for - Orangutan

It is shocking that successive governments have ignored the simplest solution to zero carbon problems -  planning permission for building should only be granted if the building is green.    If this had been adopted 20 years ago the existing...

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It is shocking that successive governments have ignored the simplest solution to zero carbon problems -  planning permission for building should only be granted if the building is green.    If this had been adopted 20 years ago the existing and future problems would have been halved.  Expecting individuals to bear the responsibility is unfair and may well cause financial hardship.   Shame on all of them!

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Avatar for - Staghorn coral

Unfortunately most voters have given their support to political parties that give these issues a low priority.  Until people start supporting parties that take these things seriously then the situation will continue to get worse.

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Unfortunately most voters have given their support to political parties that give these issues a low priority.  Until people start supporting parties that take these things seriously then the situation will continue to get worse.

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Avatar for - Orangutan

Successive governments have ensured - whether by carelessness or design - that property developers and construction companies enjoy huge profits - as any financial examination will confirm.   I wonder why?   Sure, there has been criticism...

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Successive governments have ensured - whether by carelessness or design - that property developers and construction companies enjoy huge profits - as any financial examination will confirm.   I wonder why?   Sure, there has been criticism of infrastructure projects, but what other business would be allowed to exceed financial and time contracts to this extent, and cause the ecological damage and pollution  that they do.     Scandalous.

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Avatar for -

Me and my 4 year old daughter coped ok, but getting on public transport for the school run was unbearable. Masses of obnoxious teenagers, without valid Zip passes, were causing fights and throwing water around the buses- and forcing their...

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Me and my 4 year old daughter coped ok, but getting on public transport for the school run was unbearable. Masses of obnoxious teenagers, without valid Zip passes, were causing fights and throwing water around the buses- and forcing their way through the back doors of the bus. If the mayor insists on giving 11-15 year olds free passes, how about making it term time only and between  6am and 6pm? And not on weekends?? Public transport gets overrun by badly behaved, entitled little teenagers and this makes travelling horrible for everyone else, who do actually pay. The bus drivers are vverbally abused and threatened- its inconceivabl  that TFL dont care enough to help solve this issue- using the above ssuggestion.

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My road is classified as a bee friendly street, so the council no longer sprays.  This means that it’s gradually greening up with a wide variety of wild flowers and garden escapees, all helping to absorb heat as well as support wildlife.  

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My road is classified as a bee friendly street, so the council no longer sprays.  This means that it’s gradually greening up with a wide variety of wild flowers and garden escapees, all helping to absorb heat as well as support wildlife.  

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Avatar for - Sumatran elephant

I am an ex key stage 1 teacher. Small children (and older, I suspect)  really struggle with these recent high temperatures. It is wasted learning time and makes managing emotions and behaviour more difficult. Perhaps there could also be...

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I am an ex key stage 1 teacher. Small children (and older, I suspect)  really struggle with these recent high temperatures. It is wasted learning time and makes managing emotions and behaviour more difficult. Perhaps there could also be some community spaces provided eg libraries, church halls etc that could be fitted with air conditioning for people to use during heat waves. Im retired and it seems the most popular place to be for my friends was supermarkets for their air conditioning! 

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Avatar for - Rhino

People who sit with their car engines running to use the air con need to stop doing this !

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I'm concerned that if more people install air conditioning it will further heat up the local area meaning others suffer. We need practical guidance and easy to use products for shading windows and other smaller actions which can make a big...

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I'm concerned that if more people install air conditioning it will further heat up the local area meaning others suffer. We need practical guidance and easy to use products for shading windows and other smaller actions which can make a big difference. 

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Avatar for - Orangutan

And if planning regulations insisted on green build only?      

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And if planning regulations insisted on green build only?      

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Avatar for - Staghorn coral

Agree. On one hand GLA want unconditional access to build on Green Belt, another department runs this initiative?  Another survey is not needed. There are plenty of existing environmental groups that can advise, there are plenty of...

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Agree. On one hand GLA want unconditional access to build on Green Belt, another department runs this initiative?  Another survey is not needed. There are plenty of existing environmental groups that can advise, there are plenty of solutions but politicians get in the way. 

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Avatar for - Sumatran elephant

I'm avoiding the Central Line where possible, it's bad enough during cool summers, yet it seems we're always being asked to do this while the management of London and TfL do nothing except advise us to carry water on our journeys.

Avatar for - Colombian spotted frog

My biggest problem is that they constantly play messages on the tube saying to carry water in hot weather, and yet barely any tube stations have anywhere to refill a water bottle? Imagine having access to water fountains or even drink...

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My biggest problem is that they constantly play messages on the tube saying to carry water in hot weather, and yet barely any tube stations have anywhere to refill a water bottle? Imagine having access to water fountains or even drink vending machines at the platforms!

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I find temperatures above 30 hard to cope with as I have long term health conditions. My home office becomes unusable as it gets too hot and I can't exercise. The Northern Line is dangerously hot so travel is difficult. Understandably...

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I find temperatures above 30 hard to cope with as I have long term health conditions. My home office becomes unusable as it gets too hot and I can't exercise. The Northern Line is dangerously hot so travel is difficult. Understandably people use the parks more but aren't necessarily educated to look after them - in hot weather there is litter everywhere and people are using places that are meant to be set aside for wildlife as there aren't sufficient areas for swimming etc to help people cope with the heat. On Hampstead Heath they've removed the water fountains and there are very few bins which doesn't help. Summer now makes me quite anxious rather than being an enjoyable experience.

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I am in the same situation - long term health condition means my body can’t cool itself. Flat has floor to ceiling south facing windows only, so no through breeze possible. I do everything suggested to keep heat out but temperatures climb...

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I am in the same situation - long term health condition means my body can’t cool itself. Flat has floor to ceiling south facing windows only, so no through breeze possible. I do everything suggested to keep heat out but temperatures climb into mid 30s after a couple of days. Tower Hamlets keeps cutting down mature trees and approving the construction of 50 storey blocks in E14, worsening the heat island effect. My home office is unusable (tiny box room) but I can’t use public transport in extreme heat. Was taken ill on Jubilee line after one stop at the weekend. We need huge cooled community spaces people can go to for sleep in hot weather eg Excel centre, as in Canada when heat domes hit. Excess deaths will keep rising otherwise. I dread the summer.

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Avatar for - Koala

Our primary schools are woefully underprepared for extreme weather. Adults get to sit in air conditioned offices, our children get to sit in boiling hot rooms with a single fan and a few windows cracked at best. What’s the point of...

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Our primary schools are woefully underprepared for extreme weather. Adults get to sit in air conditioned offices, our children get to sit in boiling hot rooms with a single fan and a few windows cracked at best. What’s the point of “relaxing the uniform rules” when it’s the environment that’s not fit for purpose? Lack of air conditioning and HEPA filters are essential to keep kids  healthy. The 40 degree heat in 2022 was forecast for at least a week in advance and our school did nothing until the night before when it allowed those that could, to take their kids home at lunchtime.  Without suitable climate controls, schools will have to close during extreme heatwaves. Where’s the preparation? Where is the plan to retrofit our Victorian buildings with the necessary upgrades for a warming climate? All I see is people with their heads in the sand. 

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Avatar for -

Very difficult to keep cool in the extreme heat in spite of all measures being taken to keep cool in London area. 1930's chalet type houses retain the heat. Many front gardens have been paved over and trees removed to enable parking where...

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Very difficult to keep cool in the extreme heat in spite of all measures being taken to keep cool in London area. 1930's chalet type houses retain the heat. Many front gardens have been paved over and trees removed to enable parking where front gardens once were. This needs to be discouraged although understandable why dropped kerbs are requested.

More green space needed . TFL land in this area has been replaced with unattractive blocks of flats. Who wants to live on top of a traiin line. How can residents of these blocks keep cool? Must be so noisy with windows opened. Trees could have been planted to help stop pollution from nearby road and underground.

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Avatar for - Orangutan

I commute to the City of London twice a week.  I deliberately leave extra early in the mornings (I start at 9am  but I leave my house at 6.45 am) to avoid the heat, traffic jams, and overcrowding on the trains.  The No.5 bus and EL2 bus are...

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I commute to the City of London twice a week.  I deliberately leave extra early in the mornings (I start at 9am  but I leave my house at 6.45 am) to avoid the heat, traffic jams, and overcrowding on the trains.  The No.5 bus and EL2 bus are an absolute joke - these are the new routemaster buses, but there is only air conditioning on the top deck - the lower deck just have one side of the lower desk with tiny windows at the top and there is no air that comes through these windows, so they are absolutely pointless and there is no air conditioning on the lower deck.  It must be about 10 degrees higher on the bus than it is outside.  I dread going on either of these buses, but these are the only buses that go on my route home.  I guess it was Boris Johnson who recommended these buses at the time, but they really are not fit for purpose.  I pity pensioners who have to use these buses to get their shopping.

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Avatar for - Colombian spotted frog

In my area over the last five years so much green space has been built on, many of these developments are unfinished or unsold but have the effect of reducing natural resources that help us cope with the heat. In private rented, furnished...

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In my area over the last five years so much green space has been built on, many of these developments are unfinished or unsold but have the effect of reducing natural resources that help us cope with the heat. In private rented, furnished accommodation there is little we can do to our property that is effective to help cope with the heat so shady green space is invaluable

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Avatar for -

Mayor should fund air conditioning to every London household

Avatar for - Colombian spotted frog

Don’t be ridiculous. Who would pay for this massive expense?

Avatar for - Staghorn coral

This is not a good use of public funding. Air conditioning is expensive to run, it uses a lot of energy and is extremely damaging to the environment. We should be seeking ‘passive’ solutions to overheating, such as shading our homes with...

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This is not a good use of public funding. Air conditioning is expensive to run, it uses a lot of energy and is extremely damaging to the environment. We should be seeking ‘passive’ solutions to overheating, such as shading our homes with planting, using simple outer screens on windows - similar to those used in car windscreens. I find this very effective.

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Avatar for -

I’m in a new build flat, with door-to-ceiling windows that act as a greenhouse in a sunny day, and we’re not allowed to install outside units that would allow us to have air conditioning. This is absolutely ridiculous.

London can’t cope with...

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I’m in a new build flat, with door-to-ceiling windows that act as a greenhouse in a sunny day, and we’re not allowed to install outside units that would allow us to have air conditioning. This is absolutely ridiculous.

London can’t cope with climate change if preserving the aesthetic of a 10 year old building is more important than the comfort of its occupants.

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STAGE: Evidence gathering

Launch of the London Climate Resilience Review

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London’s changing climate

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Londoners have responded 927 times

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STAGE: Programme launched

London Climate Resilience Review is published with a recommendation to create the London Heat Risk Delivery Plan

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STAGE: You said, we did

Report on impacts of climate change published

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STAGE: Evidence gathering

London Heat Risk Delivery Plan programme launches

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Londoners have responded 944 times

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STAGE: Programme design

September 2025 - March 2026: Drafting of the London Heat Risk Delivery Plan

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